Does research training change allied health clinicians’ knowledge and attitudes to evidence-based practice and provision of evidence-based care?

Abstract

Aim: Patient outcomes improve with evidence-based practice (EBP). EBP is a problem-solving approach to clinical care that incorporates current best practice based on research, clinical expertise, and patient choice. The development of allied health clinicians' research skills is key to ensuring EBP and closing the evidence-practice gap. This study evaluates a research training program targeting rural and regional allied health clinicians. Methods: A mixed-methods design was utilised to evaluate an allied health research training program that focused on research skill development to promote EBP. The 23-item Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice survey was used to measure four factors related to evidence-based practice (EBP): knowledge; attitudes about EBP; practice - information retrieval; and professional practice and learning. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians to explore their perceptions and experiences of the training program and conducting research. Survey data were analysed using descriptive analysis and repeated measures ANOVA. Interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Thirty-one Clinicians (female 84%;<40 years 74%) participated in the KAP survey. Participants' scores on knowledge (M=85.65, SD=7.37) were significantly higher than attitudes (M=81.89, SD=8.38), which were higher than both professional practice and learning (M=77.69, SD=7.94) and information retrieval (M=75.13, SD=10.06). Preliminary interview data analysis indicates that participants (n=8) values the skills and knowledge gained from the training program (e.g. database searching, structured approach to developing a research protocol). Participants frequently spoke about advantages conferred by the social nature of the program (e.g. networking with other clinician researchers, opportunities for peer learning and support) during the program and beyond. Conclusion: This research training program has improved allied health clinicians' skills and knowledge in searching for evidence and development of a research protocol. Support to do research and the development of networks and collaborations is highly pertinent for allied health clinicians who face professional isolation across rural and regional Victoria.